Explanation

Question 16

Reading from the graph, you can compute the approximate work times for the quantities listed in the choices.

Choice A: The approximate work time required to pay for 1 pound of bread was 4 minutes, so the approximate work time to pay for 10 pounds of bread was (10)(4), or 40 minutes.

Choice B: The approximate work time required to pay for gallon of milk was 7 minutes, so the approximate work time to pay for 5 gallons of milk was (10)(7), or 70 minutes.

Choice C: The approximate work time required to pay for 1 pound of coffee was 17 minutes, so the approximate work time to pay for 3 pounds of coffee was (3)(17), or 51 minutes.

Choice D: The approximate work time required to pay for 5 pounds of sugar was 10 minutes, so the approximate work time to pay for 20 pounds of sugar was (4)(10), or 40 minutes.

Choice E: The approximate work time required to pay for 1 dozen eggs was 5 minutes, so the approximate work time to pay for 5 dozen eggs was (5)(5), or 25 minutes.

Of these times, the greatest is 70 minutes for 5 gallons of milk. The correct answer is Choice B.


Question 17

From the graph, you see that in 1919 the work time required to pay for \(\frac{1}{2}\) gallon of milk was approximately 38 minutes. Given an hourly wage of $0.55, the wage for 38 minutes is \(\frac{38}{60}$0.55\), or about $0.35. The correct answer is Choice D.

Question 18

If 1 kilogram equals 2.2 pounds, then 20 kilograms equals 44 pounds.
According to the graph, in 1919 the work time required to pay for 5 pounds of sugar was approximately 72 minutes, so the work time required to pay for 44 pounds of sugar was \(\frac{72}{5}*44\), or or 633.6 minutes, which is approximately 10.6 hours. Of the given choices, the one closest to this number is 11 hours. The correct answer is Choice A.

Question 19

Since the work times are given in minutes, first convert 8 hours to 480 minutes.
In 1919, the work time that paid for 1 dozen eggs was approximately 80 minutes, so 480 minutes paid for \(\frac{480}{80}\), or 6 dozen eggs.

In 1997, the work time that paid for 1 dozen eggs was approximately 5 minutes, so 480 minutes paid for \(\frac{480}{5}\)or 96 dozen eggs.

Thus 8 hours of work time paid for 90 dozen more eggs in 1997 than it paid for in 1919. The correct answer is Choice C.
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